Overview

• Serialization is the process of converting an object into a stream of bytes in order to store the object or transmit it to memory, a database, or a file.
• Its main purpose is to save the state of an object in order to be able to recreate it when needed.
• Basic serialization uses the .NET Framework to automatically serialize the object.
• **System.Runtime.Serialization** contains the classes necessary for serializing and deserializing objects.
• The only requirement in basic serialization is that the object has the **Serializable** attribute applied.
• The Serializable attribute cannot be inherited. If you derive a new class from a base class, the new class must be marked with the attribute as well.
• The **NonSerialized** can be used to keep specific fields from being serialized.
  • If a field of a serializable type contains a pointer, a handle, or some other data structure that is specific to a particular environment, and the field cannot be meaningfully reconstituted in a different environment, then you may want to make it non-serializable by mark the field with **NonSerialized** attribute.
  • If a serialized class contains references to objects of other classes that are marked **Serializable**, those objects will also be serialized.
• A **SerializationException** exception is thrown if you attempt to serialize but the type does not have the **Serializable** attribute.

Custom Serialization

• When you use basic serialization, the versioning of objects may create problems, in which case custom serialization may be preferable.
• Basic serialization is the easiest way to perform serialization, but it does not provide much control over the process.
• In custom serialization, you can specify exactly which objects will be serialized and how it will be done.
• You can influence the serialization and deserialization process when starting and finishing an action by defining methods decorated with the following attributes:

[Serializable]
public class Person
{
	public int Id { get; set; }
	public string Name { get; set; }
	
	[NonSerialized]
	private bool isDirty = false;
	
	[OnSerializing]
	internal void OnSerializingMethod(StreamingContext context) {	}
	
	[OnSerialized]
	internal void OnSerializedMethod(StreamingContext context) { }
	
	[OnDeserializing]
	internal void OnDeserializingMethod(StreamingContext context) {	}
	
	[OnDeserialized]
	internal void OnDeserializedMethod(StreamingContext context) { }
}

• Serialized object could expose private data that is security sensitive.
  • If you have a sensitive class, you should implement the ISerializable interface.
  • When implementing this interface, you have control over which values are serialized.
  • You could choose to not serialize sensitive data or possibly encrypt prior to serialization.
• Implementing ISerializable consists of two important parts:
  • The GetObjectData method is called when your object is serialized.
    • It should add the values that you want to serialize as key/value pairs to the SerializationInfo object that’s passed to the method.
    • Mark this method with a SecurityPermission attribute (**System.Security.Permissions**) so that it is allowed to execute serialization and deserialization code.
  • Add a special protected constructor that takes a SerializationInfo and StreamingContext.
    • This constructor is called during deserialization, and you use it to retrieve the values and initialize your object.

[Serializable]
public class PersonComplex : ISerializable
{
	public int Id { get; set; }
	public string Name { get; set; }
	private bool isDirty = false;

	public PersonComplex() { }
	
	protected PersonComplex(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
	{
		Id = info.GetInt32("Value1");
		Name = info.GetString("Value2");
		isDirty = info.GetBoolean("Value3");
	}
	
	[SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.Demand, SerializationFormatter = true)]
	public void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
	{
		info.AddValue("Value1", Id);
		info.AddValue("Value2", Name);
		info.AddValue("Value3", isDirty);
	}
}

Binary Serialization

• Binary serialization uses binary encoding to produce compact serialization for uses such as storage or socket-based network streams.